The Zoo at Giza is one of the most beautiful in the world and the the most densely inhabited by the various animal and plant species.

Khedive Ismail (1863-1879), the ruler of Egypt, was the first to think of opening the Zoo on the occasion of the inauguration of the Suez Canal in 1869 but he could not do so for the lack of enough time.

On March 1,1891, the Zoo at Giza was opened for the public. It is distinguished for its rare plants that are imported, its walks that are paved with coloured pebbles set in beautiful mosaic pictures, and its streams, lakes, bridges, and hilly habitats for the various animals. These hilly areas are planted with cactus trees particularly the rare cactus fruit.

Its area is about 80 feddans. It is located near the west bank of the Nile. Its northern tip overlooks Cairo University. It is not far from down town Cairo and is linked to it by numerous buses.

In addition to the numerous animals in the garden, there is a museum which was built in 1906. It consists of three big halls exhibiting large groups of Egyptian and foreign embalmed birds, reptiles, fish and animals as well as skeletons. There are also two other halls exhibiting various kinds of animals reptiles and birds skins. An embalming factory is located behind the museum for such purposes.

Egypt's moderate climate helped to preserve the lives of animals from different regions without the use of air-conditioning for cooling or warming.

The Zoo is considered a huge exhibition of African wild life. It is a habitat for many species of animals and birds which are now extinct in Egypt. They are to be restored to their original enviroments from which they were extinct. Among these are the mountain goats and rams, the Egyptian gazelles and the heron.

The Zoo is also an institute where scientists study the behaviour of animals and birds. There are five non-governmental organisations that carry out campaigns to encourage people to preserve wild life and promote environment awareness in Egypt.

It comprirses five hilly areas. The greatest is the one constructed in 1867 and called, the Citadel Hill. It is decorated with various statues of the extinct Fayoum rhinoceros, crocodiles and strange birds. Its plateau is covered with a small park that could be reached by means of a spiral path. It comprises plant-covered walks, a number of streams, a hall in its centre as a resting place and various statues of birds and reptiles made of cement and pebbles. The streams flow through caves with white coral reefs hanging down, into waterfalls that lead to a lake with two islands connected with a wooden bridge. In front of the lions' house there are two artificial hills connected with a rare iron suspended bridge, the only one in Egypt.